Fruit body initiation and development that occurs usually outside of the sub-strate are affected by various exogenous factors: humidity, temperature, light, nutrition, force of gravity, composition of air, and interactions with other organisms (Schwantes 1996). Endogenous factors cover the participation of phenol oxidases and other enzymes, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and genes. Fruit body formation is often promoted by conditions, e.g., warmth in S. lacrymans, which are unfavorable for the vegetative development. In fungi that are not tolerant to dryness, like Pholiota and Pleurotus species, the fruit bodies frequently have a fleshy consistency and lose when drying their function irreversibly, so that in the northern hemisphere many forest fungi with annual fruit bodies preferentially fructify in damp-cool weather in the autumn. Dry-tolerant fruit bodies, like in Schizophyllum commune, continue spore production under humid conditions after dryness for many years. Others re...
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